FILE(1) FILE(1) (NAME) file - (SYNOPSIS) file [-bcdEhiklLNnprsSvzZ0] [--apple] [--exclude-quiet] [--extension] [--mime-encoding] [--mime-type] [-e ] [-F ] [-f ] [-m ] [-P =] ... file -C [-m ] file [--help] (DESCRIPTION) 5.44 file . file . : (magic) . . : text ( ASCII ) executable ( ) data ( <<>> ). ( core tar). text . <> <> . stat(2) . . ( (FIFO) ) . . ( ) a.out include . << >> (magic number) . << >> . . /etc/magic /usr/share/misc/magic.mgc /usr/share/misc/magic . $HOME/.magic.mgc $HOME/.magic . . ASCII ISO-8859-x 8 extended-ASCII ( IBM PC) UTF-8 UTF-16 EBCDIC . . ASCII ISO-8859-x UTF-8 extended-ASCII <> UTF-16 EBCDIC <> . file . (LF) CR CRLF NEL . (escape sequences) overstriking . file . ( ) . .br troff(1) struct C . . ( tar(1) JSON) . <> . (OPTIONS) --apple file (creator code) MacOS . . . -b, --brief ( ). -C, --compile magic.mgc () . -c, --checking-printout . -m . -d (stderr). -E ( ) POSIX . -e, --exclude . : apptype EMX ( EMX). ascii ( <> ). encoding soft magic. tokens . cdf (Compound Document Files). compress . csv (CSV). elf ELF soft magic magic elf . json JSON ( RFC-7159) . soft (magic). tar tar (checksum) tar. soft magic . text <>. --exclude-quiet --exclude file . file . --extension . -F, --separator . <<:>> . -f, --files-from ( ) . <<->> . . . : -F @ -f namefile -f namefile -F @. -h, --no-dereference ( ). POSIXLY_CORRECT . -i, --mime file MIME type <> <> . --mime-type, --mime-encoding -i ( ) . -k, --keep-going . <<\012- >> ( -r ). ( -l ) . -l, --list magic(5) ( -k ). -L, --dereference ls(1) ( ). POSIXLY_CORRECT . -m, --magic-file . () . . -N, --no-pad (padding) . -n, --no-buffer (flush stdout) . . -p, --preserve-date utime(3) utimes(2) file . -P, --parameter = . bytes 1048576 elf_notes 256 ELF elf_phnum 2048 ELF elf_shnum 32768 ELF encoding 65536 indir 50 name 50 name/use regex 8192 regex -r, --raw \ooo. file () . -s, --special-files file stat(2) . . -s file . . file stat(2) . -S, --no-sandbox libseccomp (https://github.com/seccomp/libseccomp) -S (sandboxing) . file -z . sandbox . : seccomp . -v, --version . -z, --uncompress . -Z, --uncompress-noreport . -0, --print0 <<\0>> . cut(1) . . file NUL ( ERROR:) NUL . --help . (ENVIRONMENT) MAGIC . file $HOME/.magic . file <<.mgc>> . POSIXLY_CORRECT ( ) file . . -L -h . (FILES) /usr/share/misc/magic.mgc (magic). /usr/share/misc/magic . (EXIT STATUS) file 0 0 . POSIX -E : o o o (EXAMPLES) $ file file.c file /dev/{wd0a,hda} file.c: C program text file: ELF 32-bit LSB executable, Intel 80386, version 1 (SYSV), dynamically linked (uses shared libs), stripped /dev/wd0a: block special (0/0) /dev/hda: block special (3/0) $ file -s /dev/wd0{b,d} /dev/wd0b: data /dev/wd0d: x86 boot sector $ file -s /dev/hda{,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10} /dev/hda: x86 boot sector /dev/hda1: Linux/i386 ext2 filesystem /dev/hda2: x86 boot sector /dev/hda3: x86 boot sector, extended partition table /dev/hda4: Linux/i386 ext2 filesystem /dev/hda5: Linux/i386 swap file /dev/hda6: Linux/i386 swap file /dev/hda7: Linux/i386 swap file /dev/hda8: Linux/i386 swap file /dev/hda9: empty /dev/hda10: empty $ file -i file.c file /dev/{wd0a,hda} file.c: text/x-c file: application/x-executable /dev/hda: application/x-not-regular-file /dev/wd0a: application/x-not-regular-file (SEE ALSO) hexdump(1), od(1), strings(1), magic(5) (STANDARDS CONFORMANCE) System V FILE(CMD) . System V . ( ) . System V (white space) . : >10 string language impress (imPRESS data) : >10 string language\ impress (imPRESS data) . : 0 string \begindata Andrew Toolkit document : 0 string \\begindata Andrew Toolkit document 3.2 SunOS Sun Microsystems file System V . Sun . <<&>> : >16 long&0x7fffffff >0 not stripped (SECURITY) libseccomp (https://github.com/seccomp/libseccomp) file . file -z . -S . (MAGIC DIRECTORY) USENET . Christos Zoulas ( ) . . . . (HISTORY) file Research Version 4 ( ) . System V : . . System V Ian Darwin . (John Gilmore) . (Geoff Collyer) . <<&>> Rob McMahon . (Guy Harris) . (Christos Zoulas) . Chris Lowth -i MIME . Eric Fischer ASCII . Reuben Thomas MIME MIME MIME . <> . . (LEGAL NOTICE) (c) Ian F. Darwin 1986-1999 . (BSD) COPYING . tar.h is_tar.c John Gilmore tar(1) . (BUGS) https://bugs.astron.com/ . (TODO) MIME APPLE . MAGIC_CONTINUE \012- . encoding.c !:charset . (AVAILABILITY) FTP ftp.astron.com /pub/file/file-X.YZ.tar.gz . file 5.44 2022-10-26 FILE(1)