LOGIN(1) LOGIN(1) (NAME) login - (SYNOPSIS) login [-p] [-s shell] [-h host] [-H] [[-f] username|UID] (DESCRIPTION) login . login . . . login . LOGIN_RETRIES (CONFIG FILE ITEMS) . . . passwd(1) . /etc/passwd . . . $HOME $USER $SHELL $PATH $LOGNAME $MAIL . $PATH /usr/local/bin:/bin:/usr/bin root /usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin . $TERM tty . $COLORTERM $NO_COLOR . -p LOGIN_ENV_SAFELIST /etc/login.defs ( ) . PAM . . -s /etc/passwd /bin/sh . . /etc/passwd / .hushlogin . .hushlogin <<>> (quiet) . (message of the day) . /var/log/lastlog . (OPTIONS) -p getty(8) login . LOGIN_ENV_SAFELIST . -f . (autologin) getty(8) . -h ( telnetd(8)) login utmp wtmp . (superuser) . -h PAM . login -h remote . PAM ( /etc/pam.d/login /etc/pam.d/remote). -H ( telnetd(8)) login :login . LOGIN_PLAIN_PROMPT . -s, --shell shell shell /etc/passwd . -h, --help . -V, --version . (CONFIG FILE ITEMS) login /etc/login.defs ( login.defs(5) ). ( shadow-utils) . login : MOTD_FILE () ":" << >> . .motd . /usr/share/misc/motd:/run/motd:/etc/motd . MOTD_FILE . PAM pam_motd(8) . MOTD_FILE . . login pam_motd ( MOTD_FIRSTONLY ) . /run/motd.d . MOTD_FIRSTONLY () login MOTD_FILE . . login pam_motd . no . LOGIN_ENV_SAFELIST () login -p . . : "LANG,LC_MESSAGES,LC_COLLATE". HOME SHELL USER . LOGIN_PLAIN_PROMPT () login :login . -H . no . LOGIN_TIMEOUT () . 60 . LOGIN_RETRIES () . 3 . LOGIN_KEEP_USERNAME () login . no . FAIL_DELAY () . 5 . TTYPERM () . 0600 tty 0620 . mesg(1) . TTYGROUP () tty TTYGROUP . tty . TTYGROUP . TTYGROUP . mesg(1) . HUSHLOGIN_FILE () . ( /etc/hushlogins) . hush login . . /etc/hushlogins ~/.hushlogin . HUSHLOGIN_FILE . DEFAULT_HOME () . yes (/) . yes . LASTLOG_UID_MAX ( ) lastlog . lastlog . LASTLOG_UID_MAX lastlog . ULONG_MAX . LOG_UNKFAIL_ENAB () . no . . ENV_PATH () PATH . /usr/local/bin:/bin:/usr/bin . ENV_ROOTPATH () ENV_SUPATH () PATH . ENV_ROOTPATH . /usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin . LOGIN_SHELL_FALLBACK () yes /etc/passwd login /etc/shells . . . (FILES) /var/run/utmp, /var/log/wtmp, /var/log/lastlog, /var/spool/mail/*, /etc/motd, /etc/passwd, /etc/nologin, /etc/pam.d/login, /etc/pam.d/remote, /etc/hushlogins, $HOME/.hushlogin (CREDENTIALS) login systemd ( ). login systemd : login.noauth () login -f . (BUGS) BSD -r . rlogind(8) . (recursive login) su(1) . login vhangup(2) tty . . login vhangup(2) tty . exec login xterm . (AUTHORS) BSD login 5.40 (5/9/89) Michael Glad HP-UX. 0.12 : Peter Orbaek . PAM Karel Zak (SEE ALSO) mail(1), passwd(1), passwd(5), utmp(5), environ(7), getty(8), init(8), lastlog(8), shutdown(8) (REPORTING BUGS) . . (AVAILABILITY) login util-linux . . util-linux 2.42.3 2026-09-02 LOGIN(1)