proc_pid_fd(5) File Formats Manual proc_pid_fd(5) (NAME) proc_pid_fd - (DESCRIPTION) /proc/pid/fd/ (file descriptor) . 0 1 2 . (pipes) (sockets) (inode) . readlink(2) : type:[inode] socket:[2248868] 2248868 . /proc/net/ . ( bpf(2) epoll_create(2) eventfd(2) inotify_init(2) perf_event_open(2) signalfd(2) timerfd_create(2) userfaultfd(2)) : anon_inode:file-type ( ) file-type . epoll anon_inode:[eventpoll] . (multithreaded) ( pthread_exit(3)) . /proc/pid/fd . -i -o : $ foobar -i /proc/self/fd/0 -o /proc/self/fd/1 ... . /proc/self/fd/N UNIX /dev/fd/N . MAKEDEV /dev/fd /proc/self/fd . /dev/stdin /dev/stdout /dev/stderr 0 1 2 /proc/self/fd . : $ foobar -i /dev/stdin -o /dev/stdout ... (dereference) (readlink(2)) ptrace PTRACE_MODE_READ_FSCREDS : ptrace(2). ( ) /proc/pid/fd . : $ echo test | sudo -u nobody cat test $ echo test | sudo -u nobody cat /proc/self/fd/0 cat: /proc/self/fd/0: Permission denied 0 nobody cat 0 . (SEE ALSO) proc(5) Linux man-pages 6.9.1 2024-05-02 proc_pid_fd(5)