SYSTEMCTL(1) systemctl SYSTEMCTL(1) (NAME) systemctl - - systemd (SYNOPSIS) systemctl [...] [...] (DESCRIPTION) systemctl - - "systemd" . - systemd(1) . (COMMANDS) -: ( ) list-units [PATTERN...] systemd -. - - - (pin) - -. - - - --all . PATTERN - -. -- - --type= --state= -. (unit templates) - - -. - - . foo@.service -- - foo@bar.service. - - list-unit-files ( ) . -: UNIT LOAD ACTIVE SUB DESCRIPTION sys-module-fuse.device loaded active plugged /sys/module/fuse -.mount loaded active mounted Root Mount boot-efi.mount loaded active mounted /boot/efi systemd-journald.service loaded active running Journal Service systemd-logind.service loaded active running Login Service user@1000.service loaded failed failed User Manager for UID 1000 ... systemd-tmpfiles-clean.timer loaded active waiting Daily Cleanup of Temporary Directories LOAD = Reflects whether the unit definition was properly loaded. ACTIVE = The high-level unit activation state, i.e. generalization of SUB. SUB = The low-level unit activation state, values depend on unit type. 123 loaded units listed. Pass --all to see loaded but inactive units, too. To show all installed unit files use 'systemctl list-unit-files'. - (underline) -. - - - - -. LOAD - loaded not-found bad-setting error masked . ACTIVE - : 1. ACTIVE +----------------+--------------------------------------------+ | | | +----------------+--------------------------------------------+ |active | - | | | - (bound) | | | - (plugged in) | | | | | | . | +----------------+--------------------------------------------+ |inactive | - | | | - - | | | | | | . | +----------------+--------------------------------------------+ |failed | inactive | | | | | | | | | ( | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | ). | +----------------+--------------------------------------------+ |activating | | | | inactive active. | +----------------+--------------------------------------------+ |deactivating | | | | active inactive. | +----------------+--------------------------------------------+ |maintenance | | | | inactive | | | | | | . | +----------------+--------------------------------------------+ |reloading | active | | | | | | | | | | | | -. | +----------------+--------------------------------------------+ |refreshing | active | | | (mount) | | | | | | | | | . | +----------------+--------------------------------------------+ SUB - . - LOAD ACTIVE SUB - systemd . systemctl --state=help - . - . list-automounts [PATTERN...] (automount) -. PATTERN - -. -: WHAT WHERE MOUNTED IDLE TIMEOUT UNIT /dev/sdb1 /mnt/test no 120s mnt-test.automount binfmt_misc /proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc yes 0 proc-sys-fs-binfmt_misc.automount 2 automounts listed. : --show-types --all --state=. 252. list-paths [PATTERN...] (path) -. PATTERN - -. -: PATH CONDITION UNIT ACTIVATES /run/systemd/ask-password DirectoryNotEmpty systemd-ask-password-plymouth.path systemd-ask-password-plymouth.service /run/systemd/ask-password DirectoryNotEmpty systemd-ask-password-wall.path systemd-ask-password-wall.service /var/cache/cups/org.cups.cupsd PathExists cups.path cups.service 3 paths listed. : --show-types --all --state=. 254. list-sockets [PATTERN...] -. PATTERN - -. -: LISTEN UNIT ACTIVATES kobject-uevent 1 systemd-udevd-kernel.socket systemd-udevd.service /dev/rfkill systemd-rfkill.socket systemd-rfkill.service ... 5 sockets listed. : - . : --show-types --all --state=. 202. list-timers [PATTERN...] -. PATTERN - -. -: NEXT LEFT LAST PASSED UNIT ACTIVATES - - Thu 2017-02-23 13:40:29 EST 3 days ago ureadahead-stop.timer ureadahead-stop.service Sun 2017-02-26 18:55:42 EST 1min 14s left Thu 2017-02-23 13:54:44 EST 3 days ago systemd-tmpfiles-clean.timer systemd-tmpfiles-clean.service Sun 2017-02-26 20:37:16 EST 1h 42min left Sun 2017-02-26 11:56:36 EST 6h ago apt-daily.timer apt-daily.service Sun 2017-02-26 20:57:49 EST 2h 3min left Sun 2017-02-26 11:56:36 EST 6h ago snapd.refresh.timer snapd.refresh.service NEXT -. LEFT - -. LAST -. PASSED - -. UNIT -. ACTIVATES - -. : --all --state=. 209. is-active PATTERN... - - ( ) . 0 -. --quiet -. is-failed [PATTERN...] - - "failed" . - "degraded" - is-system-running . 0 -. --quiet -. 197. status [PATTERN...|PID...]] - (log) -. --type= --state= --failed -. --all -. - (glob) (PID) PID -. --type= --state= --failed TYPE ACTIVE -. . show . - 10 - - . - --lines --full . journalctl --unit=NAME journalctl --user-unit=NAME - - - . (runtime) - ( ) ( - ). - - - journalctl --unit= . systemd - status . . . 1. systemctl status $ systemctl status bluetooth bluetooth.service - Bluetooth service Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/bluetooth.service; enabled; preset: enabled) Active: active (running) since Wed 2017-01-04 13:54:04 EST; 1 weeks 0 days ago Docs: man:bluetoothd(8) Main PID: 930 (bluetoothd) Status: "Running" Tasks: 1 Memory: 648.0K CPU: 435ms CGroup: /system.slice/bluetooth.service 930 /usr/lib/bluetooth/bluetoothd Jan 12 10:46:45 example.com bluetoothd[8900]: Not enough free handles to register service Jan 12 10:46:45 example.com bluetoothd[8900]: Current Time Service could not be registered Jan 12 10:46:45 example.com bluetoothd[8900]: gatt-time-server: Input/output error (5) ("") - - - -. -: "inactive" "maintenance" ("O") "active" ("") "deactivating" "failed" "error" ("x") "reloading" "refreshing" - - ("") . "Loaded:" "loaded" . "Loaded:" : "error" "not-found" "bad-setting" "masked" . - (enablement) -. - - - -. - - -- "masked" -- is-enabled . "Active:" -. "active" "inactive" . - - - - . "activating" "deactivating" . "failed" - (timeout). failed . show [PATTERN...|JOB...] - (job) -. - -. - - -. - - -. --all - . - --property= . . -- status . - systemctl show - . - - - - -. - -- "MainPID" ( ) - - "...USec" - "...Sec" - -. - D-Bus - org.freedesktop.systemd1(5) . cat PATTERN... - () -. "" (fragment) "--" (drop-ins - ) -. - . - - - - daemon-reload . 209. help PATTERN...|PID... (manual pages) -. PID -. 185. list-dependencies [UNIT...] (required) (wanted) . Requires= Requisite= Wants= ConsistsOf= BindsTo= Upholds= . default.target . --type= --state= . --plain . (target) . --all . --reverse --after --before . . . 198. start PATTERN... () . (glob) . . systemd . start . . --all . "" . systemctl start --all GLOB . stop PATTERN... () . ( RefuseManualStop= systemd.unit(5) ) . ( ExecStop= ) . (trigger) . --no-warn . reload PATTERN... . systemd . systemd daemon-reload . : httpd.conf apache.service systemd. daemon-reload . restart PATTERN... . . . ( FileDescriptorStoreMax= systemd.service(5) ) . systemctl stop systemctl start . try-restart PATTERN... . . reload-or-restart PATTERN... . . . --marked . try-reload-or-restart PATTERN... . . . 229. isolate UNIT IgnoreOnIsolate=yes ( systemd.unit(5) ). ".target" . . AllowIsolate= . systemd.unit(5) . kill PATTERN... . --kill-whom= . --signal= . --kill-value= (Realtime) . clean PATTERN... () (logs) . --what= . ConfigurationDirectory= StateDirectory= CacheDirectory= LogsDirectory= RuntimeDirectory= systemd.exec(5) . FileDescriptorStoreMax= systemd.service(5) . Persistent= --what=state systemd.timer(5) . . --what= ( ). . . 2. --what= +----------------+--------------------------------------+ | | | +----------------+--------------------------------------+ |"runtime" | RuntimeDirectory= | +----------------+--------------------------------------+ |"state" | StateDirectory= | +----------------+--------------------------------------+ |"cache" | CacheDirectory= | +----------------+--------------------------------------+ |"logs" | LogsDirectory= | +----------------+--------------------------------------+ |"configuration" | ConfigurationDirectory= | +----------------+--------------------------------------+ |"fdstore" | FileDescriptorStorePreserve= | +----------------+--------------------------------------+ |"all" | | | | | +----------------+--------------------------------------+ |"help" | | | | | | | | +----------------+--------------------------------------+ 243. freeze PATTERN... () cgroup. cgroup . . cgroup . . 246. thaw PATTERN... ( ) . freeze cgroup . 246. set-property UNIT PROPERTY=VALUE... . . ( systemd.resource-control(5)) . --runtime . . : systemctl set-property foobar.service CPUWeight=200 . . : systemctl set-property foobar.service CPUWeight=200 MemoryMax=2G IPAccounting=yes . : systemctl set-property avahi-daemon.service IPAddressDeny= 206. bind UNIT PATH [PATH] (bind-mount) (mount namespace) . . . --read-only . --mkdir . ( RootImage= PrivateMounts= ). AF_UNIX FIFO . (ephemeral) . . ( ExecReload= ExecStartPre= ) . . . 248. mount-image UNIT IMAGE [PATH [PARTITION_NAME:MOUNT_OPTIONS]] . ( RootImage=/RootDirectory=). . MountImages= . --read-only . --mkdir . ( RootImage= PrivateMounts= ). . ( ExecReload= ExecStartPre= ) . . . : systemctl mount-image foo.service /tmp/img.raw /var/lib/image root:ro,nosuid systemctl mount-image --mkdir bar.service /tmp/img.raw /var/lib/baz/img 248. service-log-level SERVICE [LEVEL] LEVEL SERVICE . LEVEL LEVEL . syslog 0...7 emerg alert crit err warning notice info debug syslog(3) . BusName=destination org.freedesktop.LogControl1(5) . ( systemctl D-Bus org.freedesktop.LogControl1.LogLevel D-Bus destination .) 247. service-log-target SERVICE [TARGET] TARGET SERVICE . TARGET TARGET . : console ( ) kmsg ( ) journal ( systemd-journald.service(8) ) syslog ( syslog /dev/log) null ( ) auto ( console journal syslog ). . "" console journal null . . BusName=destination org.freedesktop.LogControl1(5) . ( systemctl D-Bus org.freedesktop.LogControl1.LogLevel D-Bus destination .) 247. reset-failed [PATTERN...] "failed" . ( ) "failed" / . "failed" : (start rate limit) . ( StartLimitIntervalSec=/StartLimitBurst= ) . whoami [PID...] PID ( ). PID systemctl . 254. list-unit-files [PATTERN...] ( is-enabled ) . PATTERN ( ). list-units . 233. enable UNIT..., enable PATH... . (symlinks) [Install] . ( daemon-reload) . . --now start . ( foo@bar.service) . ( ) ( ). start . systemd ( /home/ /var/ ). . --quiet . [Install] . . . daemon-reload . . --no-warn . ( ) start . : . ( ). ( ) ( ) . --system --user --runtime --global . systemd . enable . disable UNIT... . enable link . enable link . disable enable disable enable . . Also= [Install] . . . --now stop . ( ) . --quiet . (triggering) . --no-warn . --user (global) . --no-warn . --system --user --runtime --global --no-warn enable . 238. reenable UNIT... . disable enable [Install] . . . . --now try-restart . 238. preset UNIT... / (preset policy). disable enable . --preset-mode= . . UNIT . systemd.preset(5) . 238. preset-all ( ). --preset-mode= . 215. is-enabled UNIT... ( enable). 0 . ( ). --quiet . --full . 3. is-enabled +------------------+--------------------------------------------+---------------------+ | | | | +------------------+--------------------------------------------+---------------------+ |"enabled" | | 0 | | | | | | | .wants/ .requires/ | | | | Alias= | | | | ( | | | | /etc/systemd/system/ | | | | | | | | /run/systemd/system/). | | +------------------+ | | |"enabled-runtime" | | | +------------------+--------------------------------------------+---------------------+ |"linked" | | > 0 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | ( | | | | /etc/systemd/system/ | | | | | | | | /run/systemd/system/) | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | . | | +------------------+ | | |"linked-runtime" | | | +------------------+--------------------------------------------+---------------------+ |"alias" | | 0 | | | | | | | ( | | | | ). | | +------------------+--------------------------------------------+---------------------+ |"masked" | | > 0 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | ( | | | | /etc/systemd/system/ | | | | | | | | /run/systemd/system/). | | +------------------+ | | |"masked-runtime" | | | +------------------+--------------------------------------------+---------------------+ |"static" | | 0 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | [Install] | | | | . | | +------------------+--------------------------------------------+---------------------+ |"indirect" | | 0 | | | | | | | | | | | Also= | | | | [Install] | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Also= | | | | . | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | DefaultInstance= . | | +------------------+--------------------------------------------+---------------------+ |"disabled" | | > 0 | | | | | | | [Install] | | | | | | | | | | | | . | | +------------------+--------------------------------------------+---------------------+ |"generated" | | 0 | | | | | | | (generator) | | | | . | | | | systemd.generator(7) | | | | . | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | . | | +------------------+--------------------------------------------+---------------------+ |"transient" | | 0 | | | API | | | | | | | | . | | | | | | | | . | | +------------------+--------------------------------------------+---------------------+ |"bad" | | > 0 | | | | | | | | | | | . | | | | | | | | is-enabled | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | . | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | list-unit-files | | | | . | | +------------------+--------------------------------------------+---------------------+ |"not-found" | | 4 | | | . | | +------------------+--------------------------------------------+---------------------+ 238. mask UNIT... . /dev/null . disable . . --runtime . --now . . /etc/systemd/system/ ( --runtime ) /run/systemd/system/ ( --runtime) . . ( /usr/lib/systemd/system/ ) ( ). --user . . --no-warn . 238. unmask UNIT... . mask . . 238. link PATH... . . disable . start . systemd ( /home/ /var/ ). 233. revert UNIT... (vendor). (drop-in) . "foo.service" "foo.service.d/" ( /etc/systemd/system /run/systemd/system) ( /usr/) (override) . ( /etc/systemd/system /run/systemd/system /usr/) . . systemctl edit systemctl set-property systemctl mask . 230. add-wants TARGET UNIT..., add-requires TARGET UNIT... "Wants=" "Requires=" TARGET . --system --user --runtime --global enable . 217. edit UNIT... drop-in . --system () --user --global . ( "" ) . systemctl daemon-reload --system systemctl daemon-reload --user . edit --global ( ) . --full . drop-in . --drop-in= drop-in override.conf . . --force ( --full) drop-in . --runtime /run/ . --stdin . . . /etc/ /run/ /etc/ . 218. get-default . default.target ( ) . 205. set-default TARGET . ( ) default.target . 205. list-machines [PATTERN...] . PATTERN . 212. (Jobs) list-jobs [PATTERN...] . PATTERN . --after --before . 233. cancel [JOB...] . . 233. systemd . ASCII (underscore) . . UTF-8 . ( (NL) (TAB) (ESC) UTF-8 ). _SC_ARG_MAX sysconf(3) . show-environment () systemd. . (source) . "VARIABLE=value" . - "VARIABLE=$'value'" . bash(1) zsh(1) ksh(1) ash(1) busybox(1) dash(1) fish(1) . IPC ( set-environment ). . set-environment VARIABLE=VALUE... . . . ( ) . show-environment . 233. unset-environment VARIABLE... systemd. . . . . show-environment . . 233. import-environment VARIABLE... systemd. . . systemctl . . ( ) . . . 209. daemon-reload systemd. ( systemd.generator(7) ) . systemd . reload . daemon-reexec systemd. . . daemon-reload . systemd . log-level [LEVEL] . LEVEL LEVEL ( --log-level= systemd(1) ). 244. log-target [TARGET] . TARGET TARGET ( --log-target= systemd(1) ). 244. service-watchdogs [yes|no] . (WatchdogSec=) ( OnFailure= StartLimitAction=) systemd.service(5) . . 244. is-system-running . (startup) (shutdown) (maintenance) ( 0) . ( ) . . --quiet . --wait . --wait initializing starting ( running degraded) (block) . 4. is-system-running +-------------+-----------------------------+---------------------+ | | | | +-------------+-----------------------------+---------------------+ |initializing | | > 0 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | basic.target | | | | | | | | | | | | maintenance. | | +-------------+-----------------------------+---------------------+ |starting | | > 0 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | (rescue). | | +-------------+-----------------------------+---------------------+ |running | | 0 | | | | | | | | | | | . | | +-------------+-----------------------------+---------------------+ |degraded | | > 0 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | . | | +-------------+-----------------------------+---------------------+ |maintenance | | > 0 | | | (rescue) | | | | | | | | (emergency) | | | | . | | +-------------+-----------------------------+---------------------+ |stopping | | > 0 | | | | | | | | | | | . | | +-------------+-----------------------------+---------------------+ |offline | | > 0 | | | | | | | | | | | . | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | (PID 1) | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | . | | +-------------+-----------------------------+---------------------+ |unknown | | > 0 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | . | | +-------------+-----------------------------+---------------------+ 215. default . systemctl isolate default.target . (blocking) (asynchronous) --no-block . rescue (rescue mode). systemctl isolate rescue.target . --no-block . emergency (emergency mode). systemctl isolate emergency.target . --no-block . halt (halt). systemctl start halt.target --job-mode=replace-irreversibly --no-block (wall message) . . . systemctl poweroff ( ). --force (unmount) . --force . . --force halt systemctl . . --when= . --when=cancel . poweroff . systemctl start poweroff.target --job-mode=replace-irreversibly --no-block . . --force --when= halt . reboot (reboot) . systemctl start reboot.target --job-mode=replace-irreversibly --no-block . . --reboot-argument= reboot(2) . --boot-loader-entry= --boot-loader-menu= --firmware-setup . . --force --when= halt . kexec --load kexec "SYSTEMCTL_SKIP_AUTO_KEXEC=1" . "/run/nextroot/" soft-reboot "SYSTEMCTL_SKIP_AUTO_SOFT_REBOOT=1" . 246. kexec kexec. kexec . initrd . --force kexec . systemctl start kexec.target --job-mode=replace-irreversibly --no-block. Boot Loader Specification[1] . UEFI . bootctl list bootctl(1) . . --force --when= halt . kexec --load reboot kexec "SYSTEMCTL_SKIP_AUTO_KEXEC=1" . soft-reboot (userspace). systemctl start soft-reboot.target --job-mode=replace-irreversibly --no-block. . --force --when= halt . . systemd-soft-reboot.service(8) . "/run/nextroot/" reboot soft-reboot "SYSTEMCTL_SKIP_AUTO_SOFT_REBOOT=1" . 254. exit [EXIT_CODE] . ( --user) poweroff . . EXIT_CODE . 227. switch-root [ROOT [INIT]] . initrd initrd ( "init" PID 1) . : PID 1. /sysroot/ . systemd . systemd initrd initrd . 209. sleep suspend hibernate hybrid-sleep suspend-then-hibernate. systemd-logind.service(8) . suspend-then-hibernate suspend hibernate . SleepOperation= logind.conf(5) . . / . 256. suspend (suspend) . suspend.target . . / . --force systemd-logind . hibernate (hibernate) . hibernate.target . . / . --force suspend . hybrid-sleep (hybrid sleep). hybrid-sleep.target . / . --force suspend . 196. suspend-then-hibernate systemd-sleep.conf . suspend-then-hibernate.target . / . --force suspend . 240. (Parameter Syntax) ( UNIT) ( PATTERN...) . . ( "" ) systemctl : ".service" . : # systemctl start sshd # systemctl start sshd.service # systemctl isolate default # systemctl isolate default.target . () () . # systemctl status /dev/sda # systemctl status /home : # systemctl status dev-sda.device # systemctl status home.mount (glob) . . fnmatch(3) "*", "?", "[]" . glob(7) . . : # systemctl stop "sshd@*.service" sshd@.service . . UNIT ( ) : # systemctl enable foo.service # systemctl link /path/to/foo.service (OPTIONS) : -t, --type= service socket . list-units list-dependencies show status . . help . --state= LOAD SUB ACTIVE . list-units list-dependencies show status . --state=failed --failed . help . 206. -p, --property= // show . "MainPID" . . . (Shell completion) . systemctl show systemd-system.conf(5) . ( ) . . systemd.unit(5) systemd.service(5) systemd.socket(5) . -P --value --property= "=" . -P -p/--property= . 246. -a, --all list-units . // . list-unit-files . list-dependencies ( ). status . "blob data" . ( ). -r, --recursive . (":") . 212. --reverse list-dependencies WantedBy= RequiredBy= UpheldBy= PartOf= BoundBy= Wants= . 203. --after list-dependencies . After= . After= Before= . WantedBy= ( systemd.target(5) ) ( RequiresMountsFor=) . list-dependencies . list-jobs . --before . 203. --before list-dependencies . Before= . list-jobs . --after . 212. --with-dependencies status cat list-units list-unit-files . --reverse --after --before . 245. -l, --full status list-units list-jobs list-timers (ellipsize) . is-enabled . --value show "=" . -P . 230. --show-types . 202. --job-mode= . "fail" "replace" "replace-irreversibly" "isolate" "ignore-dependencies" "ignore-requirements" "flush" "triggering" "restart-dependencies" . "replace" isolate "isolate" . "fail" ( : ) . "replace" () . "replace-irreversibly" "replace" . ( ) . cancel . shutdown.target . "isolate" . isolate . "flush" . "ignore-dependencies" . . . "ignore-requirements" "ignore-dependencies" . "triggering" systemctl stop . . Triggers= systemd.unit(5) . "restart-dependencies" systemctl start . . 209. -T, --show-transaction ( systemctl start ) . . . . 242. --fail --job-mode=fail. kill . 227. --check-inhibitors= (inhibitor locks) . "auto" "yes" "no" . "auto" logind systemctl ( TTY) . "no" systemctl systemd-logind(8) . ( CD) . . ( "no" ). --force . 248. -i --check-inhibitors=no. 198. --dry-run . : halt poweroff reboot kexec suspend hibernate hybrid-sleep suspend-then-hibernate default rescue emergency exit. 236. -q, --quiet . ( show) . . --no-warn : o systemctl procfs /proc/ o enable disable ( [Install] ) o disable --user o (stop) (disable) (mask) o daemon-reload . 253. --no-block . systemctl . . --wait . --wait start restart . --no-block . ( ) "RemainAfterExit=yes" . is-system-running . kill . . 232. --user . --system . . --failed (failed). --state=failed. 233. --no-wall (halt) (power-off) (reboot) (wall message) . --global enable disable . --no-reload enable disable preset mask unmask . --kill-whom= kill . main control all . . . ExecStartPre= ExecStop= ExecReload= . . Type=forking ExecStart= ( ). ExecStart= . . . ( /usr/bin/mount /usr/bin/umount ) . all . 252. --kill-value=INT kill () . (Realtime) ( --signal=SIGRTMIN+... --signal=SIGRTMAX-...) sigqueue(3) kill(3) . 32 ( "0x") ( "0o") ( "0b") . --kill-whom=all . 254. -s, --signal= kill . SIGTERM SIGINT SIGSTOP . SIGTERM . "help" "list" . --what= clean . configuration state cache logs runtime fdstore . . all . cache runtime fdstore . fdstore FileDescriptorStorePreserve= . 243. -f, --force enable . edit . suspend hibernate hybrid-sleep suspend-then-hibernate systemd-logind . halt poweroff reboot kexec . (unmount) . . --force ( kexec) . --force . --force systemctl . . --message= halt poweroff reboot . . 225. --now enable disable mask reenable // . 220. --root= enable/disable/is-enabled ( ) . systemctl systemd . --image=image . . --root= . GPT Discoverable Partitions Specification[2]. systemd-nspawn(1) . 252. --image-policy=policy systemd.image-policy(7) . --image= . "*" . --runtime enable disable edit ( ) . /etc/ /run/ . set-property . --preset-mode= "full" () "enable-only" "disable-only" . preset preset-all . 215. -n, --lines= status . 0 . 10 . -o, --output= status . journalctl(1) . "short" . --firmware-setup reboot poweroff halt (BIOS/UEFI setup) . . 220. --boot-loader-menu=timeout reboot poweroff halt . -- . . . 242. --boot-loader-entry=ID reboot poweroff halt . "help" . . 242. --reboot-argument= reboot . . "recovery" "fota" (firmware over the air) . 246. --plain list-dependencies list-units list-machines . 203. --timestamp= . : pretty ( ) "Day YYYY-MM-DD HH:MM:SS TZ" 248. unix "@seconds-since-the-epoch" 251. us, s "Day YYYY-MM-DD HH:MM:SS.UUUUUU TZ" 248. utc "Day YYYY-MM-DD HH:MM:SS UTC" 248. us+utc, s+utc "Day YYYY-MM-DD HH:MM:SS.UUUUUU UTC" 248. 247. --mkdir bind . FIFO . 248. --marked reload-or-restart . "needs-restart" "needs-reload" . . set-property Markers=... . --no-block systemctl . 248. --read-only bind . 248. --drop-in=NAME edit NAME drop-in override.conf . 253. --when= halt poweroff reboot kexec systemd.time(7) "PARSING TIMESTAMPS" . "show" "cancel" . "auto" . 254. --stdin edit . . "" : $ systemctl edit --drop-in=limits.conf --stdin some-service.service < drop-in "" . 256. -H, --host= . (hostname) "@" . ssh ":" "/" . SSH . machinectl -H HOST . IPv6 . -M, --machine= . "@" . ".host" ( : "--user --machine=lennart@.host"). "@" root . "@" ( ) ".host" . -C, --capsule= (capsule) . . capsule@.service(5) . 256. --no-ask-password . --no-pager (pager) . --legend=BOOL (legend) . --quiet . -h, --help . --version . (EXIT STATUS) 0 . systemctl LSB LSB 3.0.0[3] . 5. LSB +----------------+-----------------------+--------------------------------------+ | | | systemd | | | LSB | | +----------------+-----------------------+--------------------------------------+ |0 | " | | | | | (unit is active) | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | " | | +----------------+-----------------------+--------------------------------------+ |1 | " | | | | | | | | | ( | | | pid | is-failed) | | | /var/run | | | | | | | | " | | +----------------+-----------------------+--------------------------------------+ |2 | " | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | /var/lock | | | | | | | | " | | +----------------+-----------------------+--------------------------------------+ |3 | " | | | | | (unit is not active) | | | | | | | " | | +----------------+-----------------------+--------------------------------------+ |4 | " | | | | | (no | | | | such unit) | | | | | | | | | | | " | | +----------------+-----------------------+--------------------------------------+ LSB systemd . (ENVIRONMENT) $SYSTEMD_EDITOR $EDITOR $VISUAL . $SYSTEMD_EDITOR $EDITOR $VISUAL systemctl : editor(1) nano(1) vim(1) vi(1). 218. $SYSTEMD_LOG_LEVEL ( ). . ( ) : emerg alert crit err warning notice info debug 0...7. syslog(3) . console syslog kmsg journal ( SYSTEMD_LOG_LEVEL=debug,console:info debug info ). . $SYSTEMD_LOG_COLOR . (true) tty . journalctl(1) . $SYSTEMD_LOG_TIME . . journalctl(1) . $SYSTEMD_LOG_LOCATION . . . . $SYSTEMD_LOG_TARGET (log). : console ( tty ) console-prefixed ( tty ("facility") syslog(3) ) kmsg ( ) journal ( ) journal-or-kmsg ( kmsg) auto ( ) null ( ). $SYSTEMD_PAGER, $PAGER --no-pager . $SYSTEMD_PAGER $PAGER . $SYSTEMD_PAGER $PAGER less(1) more(1) . . "cat" --no-pager . : $SYSTEMD_PAGERSECURE $SYSTEMD_PAGER $PAGER ( "cat" "") . $SYSTEMD_LESS less ( "FRSXMK") . : K Ctrl+C . less Ctrl+C . $SYSTEMD_LESS "K" less Ctrl+C . X (termcap) . . . $LESS less systemd . less(1) . $SYSTEMD_LESSCHARSET less ( "utf-8" UTF-8 ) . $LESSCHARSET less systemd . $SYSTEMD_PAGERSECURE less(1) "" . sudo(8) pkexec(1) . . " " ( ). " " --no-pager PAGER=cat . . (true) " " . " " LESSSECURE=1 . less(1) " " . (false) . SYSTEMD_PAGERSECURE=0 . $SYSTEMD_PAGERSECURE systemd " " . UID ( geteuid(2) sd_pid_get_owner_uid(3) ) sudo(8) ( $SUDO_UID [4]) " " . SYSTEMD_PAGERSECURE=1 " " . . $SYSTEMD_PAGERSECURE . $SYSTEMD_PAGER $PAGER $SYSTEMD_PAGERSECURE . $SYSTEMD_COLORS . systemd ( ) . : "16" "256" 16 256 ANSI . $TERM . $SYSTEMD_URLIFY . . systemd $TERM . (SEE ALSO) systemd(1), journalctl(1), loginctl(1), machinectl(1), systemd.unit(5), systemd.resource-control(5), systemd.special(7), wall(1), systemd.preset(5), systemd.generator(7), glob(7) (NOTES) 1. (Boot Loader Specification) https://uapi- group.org/specifications/specs/boot_loader_specification 2. (Discoverable Partitions Specification) https://uapi- group.org/specifications/specs/discoverable_partitions_specification 3. LSB 3.0.0 http://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_3.0.0/LSB-PDA/LSB- PDA/iniscrptact.html 4. $SUDO_UID . systemd 257.13 SYSTEMCTL(1)